INVESTIGATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS AEROSOL
Stjepan Pepeljnjak,
Ivan Kosalec, Zdenka Cvetnić, Danica Kuštrak
Zavod za mikrobiologiju Farmaceutsko-biokemijskog
fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu,
HR- 10000 Zagreb, Kneza Mislava 11/I, Hrvatska
SAŽETAK:
Ispitan je
antifungalni učinak aerosola eteričnih ulja lovora (Lauri aetheroleum),
lavande (Lavandulae hybridae aetheroleum) u Petrijevim zdjelicama (100
cm3) na kulturama plijesni Aspegillus fumigatus
i Penicillium citrinum. Dokazana je korelacija između koncentracije ulja
i antifungalnog djelovanja. Pri nižim koncentracijama ulja (0.05-0.45 _l /cm3)
inhibirana je germinacija spora, dok vide koncentraaje djeluju sporocidno (>0.45,
>0.85 _I/cm3. Ispitivanja provedena a prostoru 2660 cm3 i pri
nižim koncentracijama ulja (0.564 _I/cm3 za ulje lovora i 1.88 _l/cm3
za ulje lavande) dokazano je sporocidno djelovanje ulja lovora tek nakon 33.
dana, odnosno nakon 25. dana za lavandino ulje. Utjecaj aerosols eteričnih ulja
i fumigacije tamjanom (Olibanum) i Indijskim štapićima (sandalovina) ispitan
je u prostorima 10, 20 i 30 m3. Svi ispitivani uzroci smanjuju broj
spora plijesni u zraku nakon 1 h. Ulje eukaliptusa (Eucalypti aetheroleum) smanjuje
broj spora plijesni za 19.52%, a najviše uzorak tamjana II (67%). Nakon 18 h,
također je utvrđeno smanjenje broja spora plijesni u prostorima tretiranim aerosolima
ulja eukaliptusa 49.33%, lavande 83.87%, dok je fumigacija tamjanom I (58.27%)
i Indijskim štapićima (24.81%) reducirala broj spora plijesni. Rezultati ukazuju
na dobru antifungalnu aktivnost aerosols eteribnih ulja lovora, lavande i eukaliptusa,
kao i fumigacije tamjanom i Indijskim stapićima, smanjenjem spora plijesni u
zraku u zatvorenih prostora.
Ključne riječi: eterična
ulja, aerosol, fumigacija, antifungalno djelovanje, Aspergillus fumigatus,
Penicillium cihinum
ABSTRACT:
The antifungal
activity of essential oils of laurel (Lauri aetheroleum) and lavender
(Lavandulae hybridae aetheroleum) was investigated, in Petri-dishes (100
cm3) on the moulds culture species of Aspergillus fumigatus and
Penicillium citrinum. A correlation between oil concentration and antifungal
activity was demonstrated. The germination of spores was inhibited at lower
oil concentrations (0.05-0.45 _l/cm3, while at higher concentrations
the oils had a sporocidal effect (>0.45, >0.85 _l/cm3). Investigations
done in a closed space of 2660 cm3 proved that, even under lower oil concentrations
(oil of laurel 0.564 _l/cm3 and oil of lavander 1.88 _l/cm3
) the sporocidal effect of the oil of laurel was present only after the 33rd
day and for the oil of lavander after the 25th day. The activity
of aerosoles of essential oils and the fumigation using incense (Olibanum)
and joss-stick (sandalwood) was investigated in a closed space of 10, 20
and 30 m3. All the investigated samples decreased the number of spores
of moulds in air after one hour. The oil of eucalyptus (Eucalypti aetheroleum)
decreased the number of mould spores by 19.52% and the sample of incense,
which had the best effect, by 67%. Aerosol of the oil of eucalyptus also decreased
the number of spores of moulds after 18 hours by 49.33%, lavender by 83.87%,
fumigation using incense by 58.27% and joss-stick by 24.81% . The results of
our investigation showed a good antifungal activity of aerosols of essential
oils of laurel, lavender and eucalyptus, as well as fumigation using incense
and joss-stick, in decreasing the number of spores of moulds in closed space.
Key words: essential oils, aerosol, fumigation, antifungal activity, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium citrinum